How is it different than sz or sza?
What is sz typal?
@Loke I think I fit all of both schizotypal and schizophrenia
DSM 5
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
The essential features of a personality disorder are impairments in
personality (self and interpersonal) functioning and the presence of
pathological personality traits. To diagnose schizotypal personality
disorder, the following criteria must be met:
A. Significant impairments in personality functioning manifest by:
-
Impairments in self functioning:
a. Identity: Confused boundaries between self and others; distorted self-concept; emotional expression often not congruent with context or internal experience.
b. Self-direction: Unrealistic or incoherent goals; no clear set of internal standards. -
Impairments in interpersonal functioning:
a. Empathy: Pronounced difficulty understanding impact of own behaviors on others; frequent misinterpretations of others’ motivations and behaviors.
b. Intimacy: Marked impairments in developing close relationships, associated with mistrust and anxiety.
B. Pathological personality traits in the following domains:
-
Psychoticism, characterized by:
a. Eccentricity: Odd, unusual, or bizarre behavior or appearance; saying unusual or inappropriate things.
b. Cognitive and perceptual dysregulation: Odd or unusual thought processes; vague, circumstantial, metaphorical, over-elaborate, or stereotyped thought or speech; odd
sensations in various sensory modalities.
c. Unusual beliefs and experiences: Thought content and views of reality that are viewed by others as bizarre or idiosyncratic; unusual experiences of reality. -
Detachment, characterized by:
a. Restricted affectivity: Little reaction to emotionally arousing situations; constricted emotional experience and expression; indifference or coldness.
b. Withdrawal: Preference for being alone to being with others; reticence in social situations; avoidance of social contacts and activity; lack of initiation of social contact. -
Negative Affectivity, characterized by:
a. Suspiciousness: Expectations of – and heightened sensitivity to – signs of interpersonal ill-intent or harm; doubts about loyalty and fidelity of others; feelings of persecution.
C. The impairments in personality functioning and the individual’s personality trait expression are relatively stable across time and consistent across situations.
D. The impairments in personality functioning and the individual’s personality trait expression are not better understood as normative for the individual’s developmental stage or socio-cultural environment.
E. The impairments in personality functioning and the individual’s personality trait expression are not solely due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, medication) or a general medical condition (e.g., severe head trauma).
DSM 5
Schizophrenia
A. Characteristic symptoms: Two (or more) of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated):
At least one of these should include 1-3
(1) delusions
(2) hallucinations
(3) disorganized speech
(4) grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
(5) negative symptoms (i.e., diminshed emotional expression or avolition)
B. Social/occupational dysfunction: For a significant portion of the time since the onset of the disturbance, one or more major areas of functioning such as work, interpersonal relations, or self-care are markedly below the level achieved prior to the onset (or when the onset is in childhood or adolescence, failure to achieve expected level of interpersonal, academic, or occupational achievement).
C. Duration: Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months. This 6-month period must include at least 1 month of symptoms (or less if successfully treated) that meet Criterion A (i.e., active-phase symptoms) and may include periods of prodromal or residual symptoms. During these prodromal or residual periods, the signs of the disturbance may be manifested by only negative symptoms or two or more symptoms listed in Criterion A present in an attenuated form (e.g., odd beliefs, unusual perceptual experiences).
D. Schizoaffective and Mood Disorder exclusion: Schizoaffective Disorder and Mood Disorder With Psychotic Features have been ruled out because either (1) no Major Depressive, Manic, or Mixed Episodes have occurred concurrently with the active-phase symptoms; or (2) if mood episodes have occurred during active-phase symptoms, their total duration has been brief relative to the duration of the active and residual periods.
E. Substance/general medical condition exclusion: The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition.
F. Relationship to a Pervasive Developmental Disorder: If there is a history of Autistic Disorder or another communication disorder of childhood onset, the additional diagnosis of Schizophrenia is made only if prominent delusions or hallucinations are also present for at least a month (or less if successfully treated).
that is what i thought i had at first, but they diagnosed me as paranoid.
Wow thats great info. I was diagnosed schizoaffective 2 years ago but i have all the things you wrote about schizotypal. Could i have been mis- diagnosed?? I definitly have the mania and depression from bipolar and the delusions and hallucinations from schizophrenia. Now im very confused. Someone help please
@MisterWaffles is diagnosed with schizotypal… if i remember correctly…
Schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) should not be confused with schizophrenia. People with SPD can have odd beliefs and behaviors, but unlike people with schizophrenia, they are not disconnected from reality and usually do not hallucinate. They also do not have delusions.
It is a type A personality disorder along with paranoid and schizoid. Psychosis is not a prominent and prolonged feature of schizotypal but can occur, stress being a factor.
It is seen as the PD with the closest relationship to schizophrenia.
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just from my understanding: schizotypal, schizophrenia and schizoaffective are all on the schizophrenia spectrum. since stpd is a personality disorder its not as focused on psychosis but more like thinking. whereas in sza and sz you have to have psychosis to be diagnosed and it has to be impairing. ive read that schizotypal pd is “schizophrenia lite” so take that as you will like firemonkey said you can have psychosis in stpd but i dont think like…full psychotic breaks or full extreme psychosis
The psychosis in schizotypal is more transient. Those with schiztotypal share some of the same cognitive issues as those with schizophrenia but at a less severe level.
Schizotypal is not listed as a PD in the ICD 10 but under Schizophrenia, schizotypal, delusional, and other non-mood psychotic disorders (F20-F29)
ICD10 criteria
I just about have all of the symptoms of Schizotypal!
I honestly believe that I was misdiagnosed with bipolar/ schizoaffective all these years!
Because it is a personality disorder here in the States, I doubt that my pdoc will diagnose me with it.
I don’t know if Medicare covers it - some insurance companies don’t bother covering the personality disorders.
Schizotypal personality is some kind of aborted or attenuated schizophrenia very common among parents of schizophrenics due to the presence of less or more inactive genes (schizotaxia). For example, my father has some schizotypical character traits.
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And then there’s schizoid personality as well!
Isnt schizotypal basically just adolescent schizophrenia or what happens before full blown psychosis. I think its just a term to describe people who are in the prodrome who are socially isolating and developing eccentric beliefs. So the disorder eventually develops into full blown schizophrenia most of the time.
But really i think we shouldn’t try and make all these divisions between the degree of schizophrenia a patient had. At the end of the day there is some unity in that we all have the same basic disorder.
Then there is the schizotypal vs autism debate.
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No, I am certain that I suffer from Schizotypal.
I could have an underlying mood disorder (bipolar) as well.
But i am almost certain that it is not Bipolar Type 1.
The confusion began when I was placed on a Tricyclic Antidepressant which made me Manic and Psychotic.
I was left on Imipramine (AD) for more than 25 years.
I was diagnosed with Bipolar disorder after I was placed on the Antideppresant.
I am pretty sure that Schizotypal is considered to be on the Schizophrenia Spectrum Scale here in the States.
Psychiatrists are now using the ICD 10 to diagnose mental illnesses.
Schizotypal is an Axis 1 Disorder according to the ICD 10 - it is not considered a personality disorder.
I will talk to my psychiatrist about it and see what she thinks.
You could definitely have schizotypal pd and bipolar disorder. i have sza and borderline pd, and yeha it is on the schizophrenia spectrum. talk to your psychiatrist,good luck 
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Thanks @arrgghh
You have a wonderful day 
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Is schizotypal the same as simple schizophrenia? I haven’t got my diagnosis yet, but my pdoc said it was between undifferentiated schizophrenia and simple schizophrenia.