A Ghaderi, HR Banafshe, N Mirhosseini, M Moradi, MA Karimi, F Mehrzad, F Bahmani and Z Asemi,
BMC psychiatry, Feb 21 2019
This study determined the effects of a novel combination of vitamin D and probiotic on metabolic and clinical symptoms in chronic schizophrenia.This trial was conducted among 60 patients with chronic schizophrenia to receive either 50,000βIU vitamin D3 every 2βweeks plus 8βΓβ109βCFU/day probiotic (nβ=β30) or placebo (nβ=β30) for 12βweeks.Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation was associated with a significant improvement in the general (-β3.1βΒ±β4.7 vs. +β0.3βΒ±β3.9, Pβ=β0.004) and total PANSS scores (-β7.4βΒ±β8.7 vs. -1.9βΒ±β7.5, Pβ=β0.01). Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation also significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (+β51.1βΒ±β129.7 vs. -20.7βΒ±β53.3βmmol/L, Pβ=β0.007), and significantly decreased malondialdehyde (-β0.3βΒ±β0.9 vs. +β0.2βΒ±β0.4βΞΌmol/L, Pβ=β0.01) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (-β2.3βΒ±β3.0 vs. -0.3βΒ±β0.8βmg/L, Pβ=β0.001) compared with the placebo. Moreover, taking vitamin D plus probiotic significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose (-β7.0βΒ±β9.9 vs. -0.2βΒ±β9.9βmg/dL, Pβ=β0.01), insulin concentrations (-β2.7βΒ±β2.3 vs. +β0.4βΒ±β2.0 ΞΌIU/mL, Pβ<β0.001), homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (-β0.8βΒ±β0.7 vs. +β0.1βΒ±β0.7, Pβ<β0.001), triglycerides (-β7.8βΒ±β25.2 vs. +β10.1βΒ±β30.8βmg/dL, Pβ=β0.01) and total cholesterol levels (-β4.9βΒ±β15.0 vs. +β5.9βΒ±β19.5βmg/dL, Pβ=β0.04) and total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio (-β0.1βΒ±β0.6 vs. +β0.3βΒ±β0.8, Pβ=β0.04).Probiotic and vitamin D for 12βweeks to chronic schizophrenia had beneficial effects on the general and total PANSS score, and metabolic profiles.This study was retrospectively registered in the Iranian website ( www.irct.ir ) for clinical trials registration ( http://www.irct.ir : IRCT2017072333551N2). 07-31-2017 2.