Unfortunately I cannot find the full document.
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So stem cells work for autism?
Maybe. I donât think it is settled, but I found this:
Eight subjects showed decreased CARS and ATEC scores over the course of treatment, to the point of changing symptom categories in their respective scales. The scores of three participants of this group, remarkably, changed from the category of severe autism to below the autism threshold on the CARS when the 12âmonth visit was compared with baseline.
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Very interesting!
I wonder which company is trust worthy to provide good stem cell supportâŚ
I also want to know how much a session and how many sessions it takes
And I also want to know for how long would I have to take them Im order to revive results
It would be to manage my social complexes which lead to agro behavior
And also to manage my obsessive behavior that result in anxiety and depression.
Thank yiu
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The autism study was in 20 kids, 8 of which had the notable results, and three had really spectacular results. The kids were an average age of 10, and had 4 intravenous infusions over a period of 9 months.
As far as I know, no one is doing this in schizophrenia yet and any âstem cell clinicsâ that are would be offering something unapproved and possibly dangerous (mostly because who knows what theyâre giving you.)
You can always try using SCI-HUB to download the full document.
It doesnât appear to be there yet.
Itâs on scihub!
sci-hub.tw/10.1089/scd.2019.0265
Selected quotes:
Early studies in this field demonstrated the remarkable ability for MGE interneurons to survive and migrate[131] and enhance inhibition[132] when transplanted into an adult brain. Therefore, the first proofâofâconcept studies transplanted fetal MGE tissue into the ventral hippocampus of rodent models of schizophrenia. Using the methylazoxymethanol (MAM) model of schizophrenia, Perez et al demonstrated that MGE transplants into the ventral hippocampus reduce pyramidal cell firing rate in the vHipp. Further, these cells also normalize firing of dopamine cells in the downstream ventral tegmental area (VTA) and reduced amphetamineâinduced locomotor activity, a behavioral test that is used as a correlate of positive symptoms[133]. Similarly, in a genetic model of hippocampal disinhibition, the Cyclin D2 knockout mouse (ccnd 2 â/â), MGE transplants were also able to normalize hippocampal activity and dopamine cell activity in the VTA. Further, amphetamineâinduced locomotor activity was also normalized by MGE transplants in this model. Interestingly, Gilani et al also found that MGE transplants improve contextual fear conditioning, one type of hippocampalâdependent cognitive function that is disrupted in SZ[134]. The primary interneuron subtypes that have been implicated in schizophrenia are parvalbuminâ and somatostatin positive cells[135] and these experiments found that the majority (56%) of transplanted MGE cells mature into PVâpositive interneurons while about 35% become SSTâpositive interneurons[136]. To better understand the role of these specific interneuron subtypes, more recent work has used a dualâreporter mouse embryonic stem cell line to grown enriched populations of PVâ or SSTâpositive interneurons. These cells were transplanted into the vHipp of the MAM model of schizophrenia. Both PVâ and SSTâpositive interneurons were able to decrease firing rate and increased sIPSC amplitudes in vHipp pyramidal cells. Further, both cell types reduced hyperactivity in the dopamine system and attenuated deficits in dopamineâdependent cognitive function[137].
While stem cells hold the potential to help us understand and better treat neurodevelopmental disorders like schizophrenia and autism, multiple questions remain. The first is the validity of 2D or 3D cultures for understanding complex disorders that involve multiple cell types and circuits. Both schizophrenia and autism have been associated with dysfunction of the immune system and to date, stem cell models do not include the primary immune cells of the brain, microglia. Further, epigenetic mechanisms, or nonâpermanent alterations to the 3D structure of DNA that causes changes in gene expression, have been implicated in both schizophrenia[149] and autism[150]. The process of reprogramming somatic cells can erase the epigenetic signature. However, newer processes reprogramming, called transdifferentiation, may be able to get around this problem
As stem cells move into the clinic as potential therapies, multiple issues will need to be addressed. First and foremost, extensive testing will be required to determine the safety of cell transplants and the duration of their effect. Although MSCs for the treatment of autism have already begun to make their way into the clinic, multiple questions still exist related to this highly controversial cellâbased therapy[154]. First, MSCs are an extremely heterogeneous population of cells with no specific cell markers[155]. In addition, without targeted delivery, it is impossible to ensure that the cells will reach the target site, especially in the case of autism where there is no overt tissue injury[155]. Further, little is known about the behavior of these cells in vivo, specifically the immunologic properties of the cells. Finally, although MSCs are thought to have their beneficial effects through their ability to suppress immune signaling, promote neurogenesis and plasticity, and to release neurotrophic factors, their mechanism has not been completely elucidated. In addition, highly standardized and efficient protocols for growing stem cells will need to be developed. In the case of using interneurons, for example, techniques for generating a highly pure population will be necessary to prevent the possibility of tumorigenesis. Further, the process or growing human interneurons in vitro is currently in line with the time course of human development, suggesting that more efficient protocols need to be developed.
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Unfortunately the pharmacutal companies and the Insurances have clogged the system to allow for Stem Cells to be used for Schizophrenia treatment. As the mental health industry is medication driven. Stem Cells disrupt the enormous revenues mental health medications provide. So there is a enormous lag time. The research done in Texas was SIX years AGO!!!Clearly proving YES stem cells do provide relief. Yet a veeeeeerrrry slooooow crawl is in currently in place. The protocal is not all that complicated. It is known exactly how to create and produce what is needed. In reviewing the horrific side effects of almost all mental health medications with FDA approval. To suggest the use of stem cells that have to date NO side effects (may be dangerous) is sad and shameful. Hopefully in the near future stem cells will move forward in a timely manner. So we can start enjoying the benefits many schizophrenia patients deserve.
Ah - While I hold great hope out for Stemcell based treatments - I donât think that theyâve been slow to develop due to the Pharma companies. While you are right they have no incentive to develop âcuresâ - like stem cell based treatments, I donât think it will be traditional Pharma developing these types of treatments - it will likely be new biotech companies. And sadly - all stem cell based treatments have not progressed very quickly⌠The good news is that California voted to put another $5 Billion into research for stem cell based therapies⌠so its still progressing:
Voters in California have approved US$5.5 billion in funding for stem-cell and other medical research, granting a lifeline to a controversial state agency. But scientists are split over whether the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) in Oakland is a worthwhile investment for the US state â or for the field of stem-cell research.
A measure to authorize new funds for CIRM, called Proposition 14, appeared on California ballots in the recent US election. After more than a week of vote counting, on 12 November the Associated Press announced that California had passed the proposal, which will be paid for with a state bond sale.
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