The results showed a significant negative causal relationship between isovaleryl-levo-carnitine and schizophrenia (P < 0.05), with no significant associations found in other groups (P > 0.05). The reverse Mendelian randomization analysis did not identify any causal relationship between schizophrenia and Levo-carnitine-related exposures (P > 0.05). Sensitivity analyses, including pleiotropy and heterogeneity analysis, did not indicate any potential bias in the Mendelian randomization results (P > 0.05).
Investigators concluded that elevated levels of isovaleryl-levo-carnitine may help reduce the risk of developing schizophrenia, emphasizing its potential therapeutic and preventive roles in clinical management.