Has anyone tried these?
Fasoracetam:
Fasoracetam is a lesser-known but increasingly popular nootropic that has captured the attention of researchers and biohackers alike. Originally developed by the Japanese pharmaceutical company Nippon Shinyaku in the 1990s, Fasoracetam is a member of the racetam family, a class of compounds known for their cognitive-enhancing properties. Despite its initial development as a potential treatment for vascular dementia, the drug was shelved until recent years when it piqued interest as a treatment for cognitive impairment and neurodevelopmental disorders. Institutions such as Emory University and several other research entities have since conducted studies to explore its efficacy and safety. Although the clinical trials have shown promising results, Fasoracetam remains under investigation and has not yet received FDA approval for any specific indication.
Fasoracetam exerts its effects through a multifaceted mechanism of action. One key pathway involves the modulation of cholinergic neurotransmission. Fasoracetam has been shown to upregulate the release of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter critically involved in learning and memory processes. In animal studies, Fasoracetam has also been found to influence the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), particularly mGluR1 and mGluR5. By affecting these receptors, the drug may help to stabilize glutamate levels, thereby promoting neural plasticity and cognitive function. Additionally, Fasoracetam modulates the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system, which is responsible for inhibitory neurotransmission in the brain. By enhancing GABAergic activity, Fasoracetam may help to alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression, thus contributing to its potential as a mood-stabilizing agent.
Noopept:
What is N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester (Noopept)?
N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester, or Noopept, is a synthetic pharmaceutical designed by a Russian pharmaceutical company. It is sometimes called a nootropic, based on preliminary evidence that it has neuroprotective and cognitive enhancing properties.[1][2][3] Noopept was designed using the structure of piracetam, another nootropic, as a starting point.[4]
What are Noopept’s main benefits?
Noopept may be beneficial for brain health, but this claim is based almost exclusively on studies in which Noopept was administered (often via injection) to rodents with brain damage caused by toxin injection, oxygen deprivation, and other methods.[5][6][7][8][ One of the only controlled trials involving humans found that Noopept supplementation improved cognitive function in a small group of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) resulting from a stroke.[9] These findings have not yet been independently replicated.